THE MISSISSIPPI LEGISLATURE

The Joint Committee on
Performance Evaluation and Expenditure Review


Report # 420

A Management Review of the Mississippi Gaming Commission

Executive Summary

In response to a legislative request, the PEER Committee conducted a review of the Mississippi Gaming Commission (MGC). The purpose of the review was to evaluate the Gaming Commission’s actions relative to PEER’s 1996 report, A Review of the Adequacy of the Mississippi Gaming Commission’s Regulation of Legalized Gambling in Mississippi. PEER also reviewed selected management issues not covered in the 1996 report.

PEER’s review covered the following major areas:

Investigations of Individuals and Corporations Involved in Mississippi Gaming

Although MGC has improved its efficiency in conducting criminal background checks of gaming employees, the agency is still issuing work permits to employees before completing the checks. This results in Mississippi’s casinos employing a small percentage of persons whose employment is prohibited by state law and MGC regulations–i.e., those with felony convictions and certain misdemeanor convictions.

MGC’s corporate investigators do not routinely conduct critical tests of financial viability such as cash flow analysis; debt, profitability and liquidity ratios; and financial trend analysis. Also, MGC’s corporate investigators do not document that they have taken necessary steps to identify all legal judgments and regulatory findings against corporations applying to operate gaming establishments in Mississippi. These deficiencies limit MGC’s effectiveness in excluding unqualified individuals and entities from the state’s gaming industry.

Since 1996, MGC has redefined the subgroup of key employees who must be licensed, subsequently reducing the number of employees requiring in-depth background investigations and increasing its percentage of key employee investigations completed. However, the agency does not have an adequate method of accounting for and updating the list of those employees who are defined as key employees. Not conducting in-depth background investigations of all gaming employees in key positions exposes the state to the risk of hiring individuals into these positions with known criminal records or financial problems.

MGC files now contain documentation of the reasoning and outcome of its show cause hearings. Such hearings are held to determine appropriate fines or other penalties for violations of laws and regulations governing casino operations. However, the agency has not developed a central listing of show cause case dispositions that would assist in assessing fines consistently.

Compliance Reviews of Casino Operations

Since 1996, the Compliance Division has developed a cooperative working relationship with the State Tax Commission, which is responsible for determining the amount of casino revenues to be taxed. Also, MGC has also established a routine compliance review program to determine that casinos comply with the agency’s internal control standards for safeguarding revenues. However, MGC’s review program does not contain steps regarding compliance with state laws governing patron disputes or federal laws governing the reporting of large cash transactions. Also, MGC has not yet conducted a full compliance review of twelve of the state’s thirty casinos.

Gaming Regulation Enforcement

MGC has not developed a casino inspection program with a comprehensive and detailed inspection checklist that documents that casino games are being conducted in accordance with state law and MGC regulations.

Also, MGC’s training program does not ensure that all of its enforcement agents have the knowledge and skills necessary to ensure that licensed gaming is conducted honestly and competitively.

Oversight and Control of Electronic Gaming Devices

Because MGC does not thoroughly document the steps that it takes to approve electronic gaming devices and modifications thereto, PEER could not verify whether the approval process is adequate to ensure that the devices comply with legal requirements (e.g., “honest and competitive” play of the games, eighty percent minimum payout). Further, MGC does not test an adequate sample of proposed device modifications or provide adequate oversight through statistical analysis and machine verification checks. Insufficient oversight could result in increased opportunities for theft from slot machines or in casino gaming devices that are confusing and/or unfair to patrons.

Implementation of Gaming Regulatory Policies

MGC has not implemented all necessary policies for gaming regulation. MGC has not established criteria for determining the honest and competitive conduct of table games, has not developed written criteria for approval or modification of table games, nor has the agency developed a routine process to distribute state exclusion lists to casino surveillance departments to assist in excluding undesirable persons from casinos.

MGC also has not adhered to its own ethics policies regarding participation of agency personnel in gaming activities. The MGC Executive Director, Deputy Director, and Chief of Staff competed in a state-licensed and regulated charity gaming tournament in March 2001.

Also, although MGC has implemented policies intended to reduce gambling by problem gamblers, it has not conducted a cost/benefit analysis as part of its monitoring of the socioeconomic risks of Mississippi’s gaming industry.

Compliance with State Laws and Regulations Regarding Personnel, Travel, and Use of State Vehicles

MGC changed its organizational structure without first obtaining the approval of the State Personnel Board, promoting two individuals into unapproved positions and violating MISS. CODE ANN. Section 75-76-17, which establishes an enforcement division and an investigations division in the Gaming Commission.

Also, MGC violated state travel guidelines by reimbursing two Northern District employees over $3,000 for hotel and other expenses incurred while traveling back and forth to their new official duty station.

Further, in violation of state and federal law and its own policies, MGC has allowed personal use of state vehicles, costing the state at least $31,818 in commuting expenses that could have been spent on legitimate regulatory activities of the commission.

Recommendations

Investigations

Corporate Investigations

  1. The Gaming Commission should set direction for the Compliance Division staff in reviewing qualifications of corporate applicants for licenses by establishing in policies and procedures an overall purpose for the investigations, how qualifications will be determined, items to be analyzed by corporate investigators, and how the investigation will be reported and/or items to be included in an investigation report. For instance, the commission may require that certain background checks must be performed with specific state and federal agencies, that certain types of financial analysis should be performed and for what purpose, and that the Compliance Division may have investigatory and analytical discretion in certain areas.

  2. Based on the Gaming Commission’s direction, the Compliance Division should develop an analytical plan to conduct its investigations. Also, the Corporate Investigations section should document its investigation procedures and file the workpapers at MGC offices. The documentation should include evidence that background checks and financial and other analyses have been performed. Also, the corporate investigation reports should indicate the work that has been performed in summary form.

Work Permits

  1. The Gaming Commission should adhere to MISS. CODE ANN. Section 75-76-131, which prohibits individuals from working for casinos for any amount of time without permits. MGC should not allow work permit applicants to work in the casinos until the process is completed. Specifically, MGC should not issue permits to applicants until it receives criminal background check information from all law enforcement agencies from which information is requested.

  2. The Gaming Commission should ensure that the system for tracking work permits is accurate. Using existing resources, the Investigations Division should set up its database systems to form a centralized automated method for tracking work permit data, including tracking and retrieving work permits that have been revoked and denied, by employee name and work permit number, by year, by district, and by final disposition. The system should be revised to allow comprehensive management reporting (a monthly management report showing the number of applications, denials, and revoked licenses).

Key Employee Background Checks

  1. The Gaming Commission should improve its method of accounting for and updating the list of those employees who are defined as key employees. The division also should develop a database that is coded so that a report of all current key employees can be instantly produced.

Show Cause Hearings

  1. The Gaming Commission should develop and maintain an inventory of show cause cases, listing their dispositions, to help assure that the handling of cases is consistent. The inventory of cases should:

    • list whether a fine was assessed;

    • be categorized by type of violation and reasoning for the fine amount or lack of fine; and,

    • be used as a database to help ensure consistency.

Compliance Reviews

  1. The Gaming Commission should develop a Compliance Division operating manual, including overall policies for the implementation of compliance audits and guidance of compliance officers and procedures to assist auditors in understanding the elements of casino auditing.

  2. The Compliance Division should implement audit steps to determine that:

Gaming Regulation Enforcement

Training of Gaming Compliance and Enforcement Personnel

  1. The Gaming Commission should establish a uniform field training program for its districts. This program should include a Field Training Manual that includes, at a minimum:
  1. The Gaming Commission should revise its MGC Regulatory Academy Training Program to include:
  1. Using existing resources, the Gaming Commission should establish a centralized management program for its in-service academy training programs. This program, under the MGC Training Officer, should include the following information for all MGC employees:
  1. The Gaming Commission should establish a policy to require all enforcement personnel to attend at least annually its courses regarding detection of cheating on games and slot machines.

Statutory and Regulatory Inspection System

  1. Using existing resources, the Gaming Commission should develop and use a documented inspection program that inspects every facet of each gaming operation a predetermined number of times every thirty days on a random basis. This system should include:
  1. The Gaming Commission should create a management information system with performance measures or outcomes that collects, analyzes, and tracks the information for its statewide enforcement and investigative programs. For example, some components should include:
  1. The Gaming Commission should review and revise, as necessary, its new statewide case management system to include all appropriate categories of regulatory and statutory violations, including compliance, investigative, and intelligence activities. These changes should include mandatory statewide use of standardized definitions for each component category.

Oversight and Control of Electronic Gaming Devices

  1. The Gaming Lab should perform a needs analysis to determine the number of engineers needed for scientific sampling of modifications. If warranted by problems with recruiting electrical engineers to fill the open engineering positions in the lab, MGC should present documentation of the hiring difficulties to the State Personnel Board to determine if the jobs can be reclassified to higher salary levels. Any necessary starting engineer salary increases or new engineering positions for accomplishing inspections should be paid for only by increases to manufacturer’s fees, as provided for under Section 75-76-79.

  2. The Gaming Lab should document the engineering tests of software that it performs for approval of slot machines and electronic games for use in the Mississippi gaming industry and should document its tests of modifications to computer chips.

  3. In the absence of a full review of each modification of computer chips for gaming devices considered by the Gaming Lab, the lab should implement scientific sampling of the modified chips. The scientific sampling should provide assurance that the chips reviewed represent the total population of chips that are approved.

  4. The Compliance Division should develop a training program for its officers to learn to analyze slot machines on a statistical basis and determine whether machines on the casino floor have payouts that are in compliance with the amounts approved by the Gaming Lab. Officers should be trained to understand the various ways that machines could be compromised and to look for situations where this may have occurred. Officers should always request documentation from casino management as to why they are asserting that a machine with aberrant payout is actually performing as would be expected under certain circumstances. Officers should also be trained to know when to continue testing of machines, for instance, when casino documentation is not satisfactory.

  5. The Enforcement Division should develop a statewide program for enforcement and/or regulatory agents to conduct surprise Kobetron checks to ensure that the computer chips in casino gaming devices are those that have been approved by the Gaming Lab.

Management of Regulatory and Personnel Policies, Travel, and Vehicle Use

Policies for Gaming Regulation

  1. The Gaming Commission should develop policies and procedures to ensure that table games and their modifications are approved in a consistent manner on a statewide basis. The policies, which should supplement the current New Table Games Policy and should be used by the training director and enforcement agents, should include:
  1. As recommended in PEER’s 1996 report, the Gaming Commission should conduct a cost/benefit analysis of Mississippi’s legalized gambling industry and report the findings to the Legislature, gaming industry, and the public. The Legislature should require the State Economist to estimate the amount of funds needed to conduct such a study and provide options to the Legislature for conducting the study. 

Exclusion Lists

  1. The Gaming Commission should finalize its additions to its Mississippi casino exclusion list (undesirable casino patrons who are prohibited from visiting Mississippi casinos) based on the most recent information available from enforcement personnel, compile the list, and disseminate the list to Mississippi casinos and other state gaming commissions. MGC should obtain copies of the exclusion lists of other large gaming jurisdictions and distribute copies of those lists to the casinos in Mississippi on a regular basis such as quarterly or monthly.

Ethical Conduct

  1. The Gaming Commission should consider taking disciplinary action against its MGC Executive Director, Deputy Director and Chief of Staff in accordance with the MGC Ethics Policy for a Group Two Offense.

Gaming Enforcement

MGC Organizational Management

  1. The Gaming Commission should establish a written policy regarding the development and implementation of major organizational changes. This policy should include the requirement that the commission review all proposed organizational changes and promotions to bureau director or above to ensure that they are in accordance with the legislative intent of the Gaming Control Act. The commission should approve any major organizational changes, document such approval in its minutes, and submit the changes to the State Personnel Board for review and approval.

Personnel Regulations

  1. The Gaming Commission should not reimburse its employees for travel expenses when the purpose of the reimbursement is for expenses related to moving to a new MGC employment location within the state rather than travel expenses.

State Travel and Vehicle Use

  1. The PEER Committee should refer payment of the unauthorized travel expenses to the Office of the State Auditor for collection under the provisions of MISS. CODE ANN. Section 7-7-211 (1972).

  2. The Gaming Commission should conduct a needs analysis to determine how many vehicles that it actually requires performing its statutory and regulatory duties under the Gaming Control Act and Commission Regulations.
  3. This needs analysis should exclude all historical commuter mileage except the mileage required for accomplishing the shift work requirements and the on-call response time of the scheduled officers during the seven-day, twenty-four-hour work shifts.


  4. The Gaming Commission should expand its “State Vehicles” policy to establish an agency-wide assignment and use policy for its state vehicles. In making decisions about the use and assignment of state vehicles, MGC should analyze its travel mileage data to determine the most efficient mode of transportation. (See Appendix B, page 78, for information from PEER’s report #407, Managing Travel Expenditures.)
  5. When developing this agency-wide assignment and use policy for state vehicles, the Gaming Commission should organize its current inventory of state vehicles into a motor pool. Should the agency choose to establish one, MGC managers should consider the following:

    The Gaming Commission’s travel policy should also address the following:

  1. The Gaming Commission should take disciplinary action (as required by Section 7.8 of the MGC Administrative Manual) against all employees who misuse state vehicles.

  2. The Gaming Commission should comply with Internal Revenue Service Regulation 26 CFR Section 1.61 governing reporting of personal use of vehicles.

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